Aimé Fernand David Césaire was born on June 26, 1913, in Basse-Pointe, Martinique. He was an Afro-Martinican poet, author, and politician who became one of the most influential literary figures of the twentieth century. Césaire was one of the founders of the Négritude movement in Francophone literature. He coined the word 'négritude' in French, a term that became central to the intellectual and artistic movement celebrating African and African diaspora identity, culture, and heritage. This movement profoundly shaped postcolonial literature and thought across the French-speaking world. He died on April 17, 2008, in Fort-de-France, Martinique, leaving behind a legacy as a pioneering voice in Black literature and anticolonial thought.