Houston Stewart Chamberlain was a British-German-French philosopher born in Portsmouth in 1855. He became known for his writings on political philosophy and natural science, which promoted German ethnonationalism, antisemitism, scientific racism, and Nordicism. His work has been described as racialist in nature. Chamberlain's most influential work was the two-volume Die Grundlagen des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts, published in 1899. This book became highly influential in pan-Germanic Völkisch movements of the early 20th century and later shaped antisemitic racial policy. In his writings, he attributed world accomplishments to the Germanic race. In the early 1920s, Chamberlain met and encouraged Adolf Hitler, whose political ideology was influenced by Chamberlain's philosophical ideas. Chamberlain died in Bayreuth in 1927.